{"id":8278,"date":"2026-06-05T10:18:09","date_gmt":"2026-06-05T09:18:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pragal-rechtsanwaelte.de\/blog\/ai-assisted-transcription-of-interrogations-in-criminal-proceedings-opportunities-risks-and-defence-strategies\/"},"modified":"2026-10-22T18:56:02","modified_gmt":"2026-10-22T17:56:02","slug":"ai-assisted-transcription-interrogation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pragal-rechtsanwaelte.de\/en\/blog\/ai-assisted-transcription-interrogation\/","title":{"rendered":"AI-Assisted Transcription of Interrogations in Criminal Proceedings \u2013 Opportunities, Risks and Defence Strategies"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A recent finding from extensive <a href=\"https:\/\/pragal-rechtsanwaelte.de\/en\/competencies\/criminal-defence\/commercial-criminal-law\/\">white-collar criminal proceedings<\/a> shows how routinely <strong>artificial intelligence is now being used in investigative work<\/strong> \u2013 and how error-prone this is:<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In these proceedings, numerous witness interviews were no longer written down in the traditional way by typists, but were generated from the digital recordings using <strong>AI-based software of a State Criminal Police Office<\/strong>. At the end of each interview record there is a brief note on the use of AI and a confirmation that a police officer checked the machine transcription and confirmed the accuracy of the transcript.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Numerous typical AI errors<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On detailed review of these records, however, the <a href=\"https:\/\/pragal-rechtsanwaelte.de\/en\/competencies\/criminal-defence\/\">defence<\/a> identified a large number of obvious errors that called into question the <strong>accuracy and integrity of the records<\/strong>. These anomalies revealed a broad spectrum of typical AI errors \u2013 ranging from attribution problems and distortions of meaning to incompletely transcribed words.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Errors in assigning \u201cspeakers\u201d<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The records listed \u201cSpeakers\u201d (speaker numbers) without all persons present being recorded or correctly assigned.<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In some cases, an investigating officer who was present was mentioned by name in the record but was not assigned a \u201cSpeaker\u201d number of their own.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In individual interviews, a \u201cSpeaker\u201d appeared who could not be attributed to any real person in the room.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Questions and answers mixed up<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A particularly serious error: <strong>questions and answers were attributed to the wrong person<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>For example, a typical opening question from the interviewing officer (\u201c<em>Please explain your professional background to me\u2026<\/em>\u201d) and the corresponding detailed answer were both attributed in full to the same \u201cSpeaker\u201d, namely the officer himself \u2013 as if he were questioning himself and answering at the same time.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In other passages, a statement clearly recognisable as a question from the investigator appears as testimony given by the witness.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In some cases, the records produce absurd \u201cmonologues\u201d in which the investigator appears to provide both question and answer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Unclear or missing timestamps<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Many records included timestamps from the audio recording, while elsewhere this information was missing entirely for no apparent reason. This makes it more difficult to <strong>trace the actual course of the interview<\/strong> and to compare audio and text precisely.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Obviously incorrect or distorted words<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The records contained a whole series of terms and phrases that obviously cannot correspond to what was actually said, such as unusual or meaningless word combinations. Such wording clearly shows that the AI inserted \u201csupposedly suitable\u201d words on the basis of probabilities which, however, <strong>miss the technical context<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Incorrectly recognised or distorted names<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Proper names, company names and technical terms were also reproduced incorrectly to a considerable extent.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Completely distorted sentences<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In some cases, sentences were reproduced whose meaning can hardly be understood any more. Such passages do not reveal <strong>what the witness actually said<\/strong> or whether it is a question from the officer or an answer from the witness.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Obvious gaps<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Elsewhere, a passage is marked with \u201c????\u201d, which indicates that parts of the interview could not be transcribed or attributed. These gaps underline that the transcription is not only flawed but in parts <strong>incomplete<\/strong> \u2013 and at the same time suggest that a <strong>check for accuracy and correction<\/strong> was not carried out in practice, or not with the necessary care.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. AI \u201challucinations\u201d and the investigating authorities\u2019 duty to verify<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The anomalies in the records clearly point to so-called \u201challucinations\u201d typical of AI applications. The AI works with <strong>probabilities<\/strong> and language models and supplements or replaces unclear or incomplete input with <strong>supposedly suitable content<\/strong>. Particularly in the case of spontaneous, fragmentary statements in interviews, this can result in the actual content of the statement being distorted.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Under the German Code of Criminal Procedure, the following applies: if the record is produced subsequently by verbatim transcription of a recording, the person who produced the transcription or checked a machine transcription must confirm its accuracy and thereby assumes <strong>responsibility for its accuracy<\/strong>. In the present case, this duty was evidently not fulfilled, as numerous obvious errors remained unchecked.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In addition, it remains unclear which specific AI processing steps were carried out: the general reference to software using \u201cartificial intelligence\u201d leaves open whether merely a speech recognition program was used or whether more extensive AI functions were employed to reconstruct what was said. The anomalies suggest that the AI independently determined \u201clikely\u201d words on the basis of language models and context and may thereby have <strong>replaced what was actually said with an alternative version generated by the AI<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is, however, highly problematic, above all in the context of complex white-collar criminal proceedings, in which it is of particular importance to whom a given statement \u2013 and thus a certain level of knowledge \u2013 is to be attributed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Legal consequences of the errors: evidential value, admissibility and duties of investigation<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Errors in the transcription of <a href=\"https:\/\/pragal-rechtsanwaelte.de\/en\/competencies\/criminal-defence\/witness-counsel-in-criminal-or-civil-proceedings\/\">interviews of accused persons or witnesses<\/a> are, however, subject to judicial review and therefore also offer <strong>starting points for the defence<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Right to inspect the original audio recordings<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">First of all, the defence must have an opportunity to check the accuracy of the records itself. It can therefore assert a <strong>right to inspect the original audio recordings of the interviews<\/strong>. This right is based on defence counsel\u2019s comprehensive right to inspect the files, which expressly also extends to audio recordings, which are to be treated as part of the investigation files. Only access to the original recordings makes it possible to prove that the records are inaccurate, a possibility expressly provided for by the Code of Criminal Procedure in the case of recorded interviews (cf. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gesetze-im-internet.de\/stpo\/__168a.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 168a (2) sentence 3 StPO<\/a>, where applicable in conjunction with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gesetze-im-internet.de\/stpo\/__168b.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00a7 168b (2) sentence 1 StPO<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Duty to re-examine and correct the records<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It is not, however, the task of the defence to ensure that interview records are transcribed accurately. If such obvious errors are found in records, the defence can demand a <strong>renewed, qualified review of the AI transcriptions<\/strong> by the investigating authorities.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Under the statutory provisions, a machine transcription must be checked and its accuracy expressly confirmed (cf. \u00a7 168a (5) StPO); this entails responsibility for ensuring that the content of the recording and the record match. Particularly where AI-assisted transcription is used, whose typical sources of error are widely known, a <strong>stricter standard for checking the results<\/strong> may be required.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The result of the renewed review and any corrections should be documented and made available to the defence as part of supplementary inspection of the files.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Objection to admissibility and limited evidential value<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As a precaution, the defence should lodge an <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pragal-rechtsanwaelte.de\/en\/blog\/court-decision-inspection-procedure-110-stpo\/\">objection<\/a> to the use of the flawed records as evidence<\/strong>. A record that is obviously inaccurate or distorts the meaning on essential points has, to that extent, no or only limited evidential value.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In such a case, the court must clarify the reliability of the record by way of informal proof (Freibeweis). If doubts cannot be resolved, the record loses its evidential value insofar as the passages in question would operate to the detriment of the accused, because ambiguities caused by breaches of documentation duties must not be held against the accused.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Data protection transparency and information obligations<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Finally, <strong>data protection aspects<\/strong> must also be taken into account: this applies in particular if witnesses are not sufficiently informed that their statements are being processed and transcribed using artificial intelligence. As a rule, the records do not show that the witnesses consented to such use of AI. This could constitute a breach of the transparency requirements and information obligations under the General Data Protection Regulation, in particular the requirement that data processing be comprehensible.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Conclusion: AI in criminal proceedings \u2013 evidential advantage or risk for the defence?<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These errors in the use of transcription AI illustrate the <strong>defence-relevant questions<\/strong> that arise when AI-assisted transcription is used in criminal proceedings:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The combination of technical AI \u201challucinations\u201d and insufficient human oversight can lead to <strong>serious errors in interview records<\/strong> \u2013 up to and including falsified or entirely fabricated statements.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>If such records are used without being checked, there is a risk of the accused being impermissibly incriminated on the basis of <strong>unreliable evidence<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The defence and the courts are called upon to pay particular attention to the original recordings and the documentation of the AI processing and to critically scrutinise the evidential value of AI-generated records.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In practice, this means that AI can support the criminal justice system, but it does not replace the <strong>duty of careful human oversight<\/strong>. It is the task of the law enforcement authorities to ensure that the accuracy of AI-generated work results is checked.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Where this oversight is lacking or merely perfunctory, this opens up <strong>substantial points of attack for the defence<\/strong> \u2013 up to and including the (partial) loss of the evidential value of such records.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-2be903ff gb-headline-text\">Our expertise at the interface of criminal law, compliance and AI<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The case also illustrates how closely modern criminal defence, <a href=\"https:\/\/pragal-rechtsanwaelte.de\/en\/competencies\/criminal-defence\/corporate-defence\/\">corporate defence<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/pragal-rechtsanwaelte.de\/en\/competencies\/compliance\/\">compliance<\/a> are now interlinked. <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pragal-rechtsanwaelte.de\/en\/\">Pragal Rechtsanw\u00e4lte<\/a><\/strong> combines many years of experience in complex white-collar and <a href=\"https:\/\/pragal-rechtsanwaelte.de\/en\/competencies\/criminal-defence\/corporate-tax-criminal-law\/\">tax criminal proceedings<\/a> with sound advice on compliance issues \u2013 including the legal requirements for the use of artificial intelligence. Particularly in the field of <a href=\"https:\/\/pragal-rechtsanwaelte.de\/en\/competencies\/compliance\/ai-compliance\/\">AI compliance<\/a>, the firm supports companies in deploying technical innovations in a legally compliant manner, identifying risks at an early stage and establishing robust control and documentation processes.<\/p>\n\n<a class=\"gb-button gb-button-d73c8486 gb-button-text gb-button-red1\" href=\"https:\/\/pragal-rechtsanwaelte.de\/en\/contact\/\">Contact<\/a>\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-f47a8b59 gb-headline-text\">FAQ: Frequently asked questions on AI-assisted transcription of interviews in criminal proceedings<\/h2>\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-e16aa0dd gb-accordion\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-c2095394 gb-accordion__item gb-accordion__item-open\" data-transition=\"slide\">\n\n<button class=\"gb-button gb-button-ef9ebfbd gb-accordion__toggle gb-block-is-current\" id=\"gb-accordion-toggle-ef9ebfbd\"><span class=\"gb-button-text\"><strong>What is AI-assisted transcription of interviews?<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"gb-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon-open\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/button>\n\n\n<div id=\"gb-accordion-content-6e128616\" class=\"gb-accordion__content\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-6e128616\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With AI-assisted transcription, interviews are no longer written down in the traditional way by typists but are converted from digital audio recordings into text using AI-based software.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-7a6f2210 gb-accordion__item\" data-transition=\"slide\">\n\n<button class=\"gb-button gb-button-63b774fc gb-accordion__toggle\" id=\"gb-accordion-toggle-63b774fc\"><span class=\"gb-button-text\"><strong>What errors can occur in AI-generated interview records?<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"gb-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon-open\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/button>\n\n\n<div id=\"gb-accordion-content-a6c04fa3\" class=\"gb-accordion__content\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-a6c04fa3\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Typical errors include incorrect speaker attribution, questions and answers being mixed up, unclear or missing timestamps, distorted words, incorrectly recognised names, incomprehensible sentences and obvious gaps in the transcription.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-0988b9cb gb-accordion__item\" data-transition=\"slide\">\n\n<button class=\"gb-button gb-button-ed46722f gb-accordion__toggle\" id=\"gb-accordion-toggle-ed46722f\"><span class=\"gb-button-text\"><strong>Why is incorrect speaker attribution in interview records problematic?<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"gb-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon-open\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/button>\n\n\n<div id=\"gb-accordion-content-a7f1b220\" class=\"gb-accordion__content\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-a7f1b220\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If statements are attributed to the wrong person, it can become unclear who actually made which statement. This can be of considerable importance in white-collar criminal proceedings in particular, because it often depends on which party is to be attributed which level of knowledge.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-daf3161d gb-accordion__item\" data-transition=\"slide\">\n\n<button class=\"gb-button gb-button-d14b4ed3 gb-accordion__toggle\" id=\"gb-accordion-toggle-d14b4ed3\"><span class=\"gb-button-text\"><strong>What are AI \u201challucinations\u201d in interview records?<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"gb-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon-open\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/button>\n\n\n<div id=\"gb-accordion-content-e648052e\" class=\"gb-accordion__content\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-e648052e\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">AI \u201challucinations\u201d can occur when an AI supplements or replaces unclear or incomplete input with supposedly suitable content. As a result, the actual content of a statement can be distorted.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-ce88a663 gb-accordion__item\" data-transition=\"slide\">\n\n<button class=\"gb-button gb-button-35243acc gb-accordion__toggle\" id=\"gb-accordion-toggle-35243acc\"><span class=\"gb-button-text\"><strong>Do AI-generated transcriptions of interviews have to be checked?<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"gb-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon-open\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/button>\n\n\n<div id=\"gb-accordion-content-6082d0a8\" class=\"gb-accordion__content\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-6082d0a8\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yes. If a record is produced subsequently by verbatim transcription of a recording, or if a machine transcription is checked, the accuracy of the transcription must be confirmed. This also entails responsibility for the accuracy of the transcription\u2019s content.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-eda33d6d gb-accordion__item\" data-transition=\"slide\">\n\n<button class=\"gb-button gb-button-728c2f3a gb-accordion__toggle\" id=\"gb-accordion-toggle-728c2f3a\"><span class=\"gb-button-text\"><strong>What rights does the defence have in the case of flawed AI transcriptions?<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"gb-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon-open\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/button>\n\n\n<div id=\"gb-accordion-content-931f778f\" class=\"gb-accordion__content\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-931f778f\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In particular, the defence can request inspection of the original audio recordings in order to check the accuracy of the records itself. It can also demand a renewed, qualified review of the AI transcriptions by the investigating authorities.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-f7d5088d gb-accordion__item\" data-transition=\"slide\">\n\n<button class=\"gb-button gb-button-29949138 gb-accordion__toggle\" id=\"gb-accordion-toggle-29949138\"><span class=\"gb-button-text\"><strong>What consequences can flawed AI records have for their evidential value?<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"gb-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon-open\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/button>\n\n\n<div id=\"gb-accordion-content-3e98ce45\" class=\"gb-accordion__content\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-3e98ce45\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A record that is obviously inaccurate or distorts the meaning on essential points can have no or only limited evidential value. If doubts cannot be resolved, the record can lose its evidential value insofar as the passages in question would operate to the detriment of the accused.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-00f85aaf gb-accordion__item\" data-transition=\"slide\">\n\n<button class=\"gb-button gb-button-847cae71 gb-accordion__toggle\" id=\"gb-accordion-toggle-847cae71\"><span class=\"gb-button-text\"><strong>How important is human oversight when AI is used in criminal proceedings?<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"gb-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon-open\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/button>\n\n\n<div id=\"gb-accordion-content-293dbe71\" class=\"gb-accordion__content\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-293dbe71\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">AI can support the criminal justice system, but it does not replace the duty of careful human oversight. Particularly with AI-generated interview records, accuracy checks, documentation and review must be reliably ensured.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A recent finding from extensive white-collar criminal proceedings shows how routinely artificial intelligence is now being used in investigative work \u2013 and how error-prone this is: In these proceedings, numerous witness interviews were no longer written down in the traditional way by typists, but were generated from the digital recordings using AI-based software of a &#8230; <a title=\"AI-Assisted Transcription of Interrogations in Criminal Proceedings \u2013 Opportunities, Risks and Defence Strategies\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/pragal-rechtsanwaelte.de\/en\/blog\/ai-assisted-transcription-interrogation\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about AI-Assisted Transcription of Interrogations in Criminal Proceedings \u2013 Opportunities, Risks and Defence Strategies\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":8279,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8278","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-criminal-defence"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>AI-Assisted Transcription of Interrogations in Criminal Proceedings<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"AI in criminal proceedings: how error-prone is the automated transcription of interrogations? 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